Finland’s key foreign and security policy objectives are facing increasing challenges. Russia has demonstrated both the capability and willingness to pursue its strategic interests through broad-based power politics. Economic and technological dependencies are being used more than ever as instruments of geopolitical influence, while the rules-based international system is weakening as great powers’ claims to spheres of influence are becoming increasingly frequent. Meanwhile, the United States’ commitment to European security and NATO’s deterrence has become increasingly uncertain. Military action against Finland cannot be ruled out, and the security situation could deteriorate rapidly.
This FIIA Research Paper seeks to answer the question: How can Finland be safeguarded? It examines the foundations of national security and argues that while Finland currently holds a strong international position and possesses well-developed security tools, the country may be at the peak of its historically favourable standing. As a small nation, Finland cannot shape global political developments. Therefore, in terms of national security, it must prepare for the worst by capitalising on its strengths, strengthening alliances and partnerships, and making full use of the EU’s opportunities.
